Camera-shutter



A. A. RUTTAN AND G. l. KESIER.

CAMiBA SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED man I. ma.

1 ,319,905 Patented Oct. 28, [919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

B? emls' '62 TI'ORNEYS A. A. RUTTAN AND G. l. KESTER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

APPLICATLON men JUNE 1. 191a.

1,319,905. Patented Oct. 28,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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A. A. RUTTAN AND G. I. KE'STER.

CAMERA SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1. 1913.

1,319,905. Patented Oct. 28,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

yzgrogg W M a? fiiawmonusva UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED A. RUTTAN AND GEORGE I. KESI'ER, OF ROCHESTER. NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS T0 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CAMERA-SHUTTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 28, 1919.

Original application filed June 7, 1917, Serial No. 173,381. Divided and this application filed June 7, 1818. Serial No. 288,630.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Amman A. Ru'rmn and Gannon I. Knew, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic Shutters; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descri tion of the same, reference being had to t e accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifics tion, and to the reference numerals marked,

thereon.

Our present invention relates to photography and -more particularly to photographic camera shutters and it has for its object to provide a simple and eflicientshutter and, further, one well adapted to act in harmony with the flap or mirror of a reflex or lens focusin camera for which purpose the shutter mec anism is specially constructed. The improvements are further directed toward the devices whereby the shutter is controlled for time and instantaneous exposures, a simple, effective and conveniently arranged operating member being provided for this purpose and to these and other ends the invention resides in certain improvements and combinations of parts all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings:

Fi re 1 is a side elevation of a camera provided ,with a shutter constructed in accordance with and illustrating one embodiment of our invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the shutter and connected parts, artially in section;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal. section through the camera taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a front view of the shutter similar to Fig. 2 but showing it set for an instantaneous exposure;

Fi 5 1s a view similar to 4 but showing the shutter blade closed preliminary to an instantaneous exposure;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 2, partially in section, showing the shutter open during the progress of the time exl Fig. 7 is a detail elevation of the shutter tripping means adjusted for a time exposure;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail section taken several views indicate the same parts.

' lVe have illustrated our improvements in the present instance in connection with a reflex box camera of the lens focusing type provided with a focusing hood and a swing ing mirror, the exposure being controlled by the shutter and not by the mirror, and the focusing screen being at the to of the camera and the plate or film hol or at the rear. The camera is described in detail and claimed in its general combination with the shutter in our prior application Serial No. 173,381, filed June 7, 1917, of which this application is a division so it may be only briefly outlined herein. It comprises a body 1 having a seat 2 at the rear (Figs. 1 and 3) for the sensitive material which latter is held and covered by a back 3 hinged at 4and secured byspring catch 5. Between the saidseat and the front wall 6 is comprised the. exposure and mirror chamber 7, the front wall 6 being provided with the usual lens opening 8 and lens 9. A shutter chamber 10 is provided between the forward wall 6 and a front cover 11, the latter being provided with a central lens opening 12 in a bushing 13. A diaphragm slide 14 provided with a plurality of different sized openings 15 and chamber 17 for the focusing hood 18 at tached to a cover 24 and in the bottom of this well and in the top of the exposure and mirror chamber 7 is a focusing opening 19 fitted with a ground glass or other focusing screen 20. The focusing opening 19 is normally sealed against the entrance of light through the focusing screen 20 by a mirror frame 30. This mirror frame swings on a shaft 31 extending transversely of the body 1 at the upper rear corner of the chamber 7 and 1s in its inoperative position when sealing the opening 19. When in its -operat1v:(position shown in Fig. 3, a mirror 39 carr on the front and top of the mirror frame 30 1S suitably inclined to reflect the image cast by the lens 9' upon the scrflqn .29, as usual, and at thesame time seal the seat 2 for sensitive material from exposure to light.

Still referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 3, the mirror frame and mirror are manipulated by means of an operating lever 40 on the exterior of the camera body 1. This lever is fixed to a stud shaft 41 journaled in a wall of the body and on its inner end is fixed a plate 42 having three divergin arms 43, 44 and 45. The arm 43 has a sli ding pivotal connection with the mirror frame 80 and when the exterior operating arm 40 is depressed from the full line position of Fig. 1 to the dotted osition, the mirror and frame are swung rom the inoperative osition downwardly to the operative positlon. This is accomplished against the tension of a main actuating spring 47 that is connected to the arm 44 at one end and to a wall of the chamber 7 at the other. The tendency of this spring therefore is to actuate the mirror frame from operative position to the inoperative osition and close the focusing openlng 19. The third arm 45 constitutes a shutter actuating connection and it is through this arm that the mirror is held in operative position against the tension of spring 47, as will be presently described.

The shutter mechanism is mounted, in the resent instance, on the front wall 6 of the dy 1 and chamber 7 and within the forward chamber 10. Before going into the details of its construction, we may state that we have so correlated the shutter and mirror and their controlling devices that both are set by means of the operating member 40; both are actuated by the main spring 47; both are released by the same tripping device, and while the shutter is normally closed, it is always open for focusing when the mirror is in operative position yet closes preliminarily to its exposin movement as the mirror is passing to itsanoperative position to seal the focusing opening 19 and permit the lens to cast the image upon the sensitive material.

For the details of the shutter mechanism reference may now be had more particularly to Fig. 2 which shows it in normal position. The shutter blade 49 is, in the present instance of the rotary disk type and turns upon a pivot screw 50 mounted in a bushin 51 in the wall 6. It turns against a raised plate 52 offset from said Wall 6 having an opening 53 coincident with the lens opening 8 and lens 9 and an opening 54 in the shutter blade passes into and out of register with this opening 53 as the blade is rotated. Normally, it is out of register as before mentioned and as shown in Fig. 2. Pivoted to the plate 52 at 55 on one side of the blade pivot 50 is a lever 56 having secured thereto at, 57 one end of a spring arm 58. The other end of said am as sliding engagement with a perforated car 59 on the blade 49 on the opposite side of the pivot 50 thereof. The lever 56 is ivotallv connected by means of a link 60 with the forward end of arm 45 on the operating shaft 41 and in the position of Fig. 2, the main spring 47 is olding the mirror 39 u or in inoperative osition and has rocke this arm 45 to a owered position. When so lowered, the shutter lever 56 places the spring arm 58 under tension for upward thrust so that a shoulder 61 on the shutter blade 49 is held against a stop ear 62 on a plate 63 adjusta ly connected at 64 to the mounting plate 52 and the shutter is held closed. At this time the operating member or setting lever 40 is raised, as shown in Fig. 2 and in full lines in Fig. 1. Upon depressing this operating member to set the mirror in operative position for focusing, the arm 45 is raised against the tension of the main actuating spring 47 to the osition of Fig. 4. This rocks the shutter ever 56 in a eloskwise direction and reverses the tension on the spring arm 58 which carries the shutter blade 49 in a clockwise direction and opens the shutter, as shown in said last mentioned figure. As the shoulder 61 leaves the stop 62, the blade is halted with the opening 54 thereof in register with the lens openin 53 by the engagement of a stop car 65 wit h a detent 66 consistin of a flan e on a sliding plate 67 movable ack and forth on guide pins 68 on the plate 52. The detent is held 1n the path of the stop ear 65 by a\ spring 69 secured to the plate 52 at 70 that throws the detent plate 67 to the left and carried on this plate is another detent or catch shoulder 71 shown in Fig. 9 which is en god by a shoulder 72 on the rear side of t e upper end-of link 60 when the arm 45 is raised. The link is so engaged in Fig. 4 when the shutter stop 65 is a inst detent 66holding the shutter open. he mirror is now in operative osition and the main s ring 47 is held on or tension by the said etent 71 so that focusing may he proceeded with.

It will also be noted from Fig. 4 that the spring arm 58 has not only opened the s utter but is still under tension while the mirror is in sition for focusing. A push button 73 igs. 2, 3 and 9) mounted in a bushing 74 in a wall of the camera is in alinement with the flanged end 75 of detent plate 67 and pressure u on this button efl'ects an exposure. As the Eutton is operated, the detent plate 67 is thrown to the right in Fig. 4 with the result that the stop car 65 on the shutter blade becomes disengaged from the detent 66 and passes through a notch 76 therein, clearly shown in Fi 3. Spring arm 58 thereupon immediately 0 oses the shutter in a clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 5 and holds it closed with a shoulder 7 7 thereon in engagement with the stop 62. This occurs before the detent plate 67 has -moved far enough to slide the detent 71 with the result that the mam actuating spring 47 comes into play and instantly swin the mirror frame 30 to the raised p ositlon sealing the focusi opening 19.

he arm 45 moves downwar and, through the link 60, rocks the shutter lever 56in a counter-clockwise direction, again-reversing the tension on spring arm 58 and causing it to open and then close the shutter, the movement being from the position of Fig. 5 back to the normal position of Fig. '2. The detent plate 67 being still pushed to the right, there is nothing to obstruct this ope r ing and closing movement of the shutter blade in the counter-clockwise direction as the stop ear 65 can still pass through the notch 76 in the detent;

Bearing in mind that the shutter is normally closed as in Fig. 2, it will be noted that the shutter is first opened in one direction by the operating lever 40 through the medium of the spring arm 58 is. then closed by the spring arm 58 acting alone and in the same direction and is then opened and closed by the main spring 47 acting through the medium of the spring arm 58 in the opposite direction.

During the setting movement (Fig. 2 to Fig. 4) it is, of course, necessary that the shutter shall open for focusing only after the mirror frame 30 has reached its operative inclined position and is prepared to prevent access of light to the sensitlve material in seat 2. yet the shutter is opened and the mirror carried downward b means of the one operating member 40. e therefore provide means for slightly delaying the opening of the shutter and this means consists, in the present instance, of a segmental shoe 78 carried on an arm 79 of the shutter lever 56. As the latter is rocked from the position of Fig. 2 during the settin movement, this shoe crosses the path of t e stop ear 65 on the blade 49 and is engaged by said ear to maintain the shutter closed until the s ring arm 58 is placed under tension and tlhe mirror frame has reached its seat at the upward limit of movement of the setting arm 45 and the shutter lever 56, as in Fig. 4, whereupon the stop 65 slips ofif of the shoe 78 and engages the detent 66.

Mounted onthe same guide pins 68 as. is the detent plate 67 is another detent plate 80 having a detent flange 81 and normally pressed to the left by a sprin arm 82 also secured. at 70. This plate ove lies the plate 67 and at its outer end is provided with a flan 83 (Figs. 3 and 9) similar to but projecting in an op osite direction from the ange 75 on the p ate 67. The push rod or button 73 is rotatable as well as slidable inthe bushing 74 and is provided with a laterally extending foot 84 at its inner end. When the button is turned so that this foot is upward as in Fig. 9, the button will actuate onl the detent plate 67 but when it is rotate a quarter turn to the right, the foot 84 comes opposite to the flan 83 on the plate 80 and that is actuate also when the button is pressed in, as shown in Fig. 6. But the abutment 66 projects farther into the path of the stop ear 65 than does the abutment or detent 81 and therefore the sto ear 65 is always halted by the detent 66 w on rotating to the right to hold the shutter open as in Fig. 4, When, however, the shutter is set and closed as in Fig. 5 and the button is in position to carry the detent 81 inward, the return movement of the shutter blade 49 to open and close the shutter and make the exposure is halted with the shutter open as in Fig. 6,-by the engagement of ear 65 with abutment 81, as also shown in said figure, the said detent 81 thus acting as a timestop and producing a time exposure. The button is held at rest during the period of exposure and when released, the detent 81 is withdrawn. by its spring 82 and the stop car 65 liberated, permitting the completion of the blade movement and the closing of the shutter as before.

To indicate whether the button 7 3 is set for a time or instantaneous exposure, it is encircled by a disk 85 that is keyed to it at 86 for rotation but throu h which it is adapted to slide. This dis has a finger portion 87 and a segmental opening 88 and on the bottom of the bushing 74 aretwo designations 89 and 90 (-Figs. 1 and 7) for instantaneous and time exposures, respectively. When the disk is turned as in Fig. 1, so that the designation 89 is visible, the foot 84 is out of register with the time detent in Fig. 7, to expose the designation 90, the ear is in register with the plate and ready to operate both it and theplate 67 for a time" exposure.

We claim as our invention:

1. The combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuatlng spring for opening and closing it, and a setting means, of a- (intent for holding the shutter open, and a spring operating to open the shutter under the influence of the setting means and for closing it when the detent is released.

2. The combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuating spring for opening and closing it, a setting .means, and a detent for holding the shutter plate 80 and when the disk is turned as open and the spring under tension, o'f a s n-ing operating to open the shutter under tie influence of the setting means and to close it when the detent is released.

3. The combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuating spring for opening and closing it and a setting means adapted to initially open the shutter, of a detent for holding the shutter open and for restraining the actuating spring 4. he combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuating spring for opening and closing it in one d1- rection, a spring or closing it in the other direction and a setting means adapted to initially open the shutter in said last mentioned direction, of a detent for holding the shutter after its initial opening and closing and adapted when released to permit its opening and closing in the other direction.

5. The combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuating spring for opening and closing it in one direction, a spring or closing it in the other direction and a setting means adapted to initially open the shutter in said last mentioned direction, of a detent for holding the shutter after its initial opening and closing, and adapted when released to ermit its opening and closin in the other irection, a time stop for hol ing the shutter in open position in the last mentioned direction of movement, an operating member for the detent and stop and means for shifting the time stop into and out of the control of the operating member.

6. he combination with a shutter having a normally closed position, an actuating spring for opening and closing it in one direction, a spring or closing it in the other direction and a setting means adapted to initially open the shutter in said last mentioned direction, of a detent for holding the shutter after its initial opening and closing and adapted when released to ermit its opening and closing in the other irection, a time stop for halting the shutter in the open position in the last mentioned direction of movement a push rod for operating the detent an stop and a rotary indicator surrounding the push rod and adjustable to connect or disconnect the latter and the time sto p ALFRED A. RUTTAN.

GEORGE I. KESTER. 

